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Crack Cocaine Addiction Drug
Rehab
What is Crack
Cocaine?
Crack cocaine is a highly addictive and powerful
stimulant that is derived from powdered cocaine using a simple conversion
process. Crack emerged as a drug of abuse in the mid-1980s. It is abused
because it produces an immediate high and because it is easy and inexpensive to
produce--rendering it readily available and affordable.
How Is It Produced?
Crack is produced by dissolving
powdered cocaine in a mixture of water and ammonia or sodium bicarbonate
(baking soda). The mixture is boiled until a solid substance forms. The solid
is removed from the liquid, dried, and then broken into the chunks (rocks) that
are sold as crack cocaine.
What Does It Look
Like?
Crack typically is available as rocks. Crack rocks are
white (or off-white) and vary in size and shape.
How
Is It Abused?
Crack is nearly always smoked. Smoking crack
cocaine delivers large quantities of the drug to the lungs, producing an
immediate and intense euphoric effect.
Who Uses
Crack?
Individuals of all ages use crack cocaine--data reported
in the National Household Survey on Drug Abuse indicate that an estimated
6,222,000 U.S. residents aged 12 and older used crack at least once in their
lifetime. The survey also revealed that hundreds of thousands of teenagers and
young adults use crack cocaine--150,000 individuals aged 12 to 17 and 1,003,000
individuals aged 18 to 25 used the drug at least once.
Crack cocaine use
among high school students is a particular problem. Nearly 4 percent of high
school seniors in the United States used the drug at least once in their
lifetime, and more than 1 percent used the drug in the past month, according to
the University of Michigan's Monitoring the Future Survey.
What Are The Risks?
Cocaine, in any form, is a
powerfully addictive drug, and addiction seems to develop more quickly when the
drug is smoked--as crack is--than snorted--as powdered cocaine typically is.
In addition to the usual risks associated with cocaine use (constricted
blood vessels; increased temperature, heart rate, and blood pressure; and risk
of cardiac arrest and seizure), crack users may experience acute respiratory
problems, including coughing, shortness of breath, and lung trauma and
bleeding. Crack cocaine smoking also can cause aggressive and paranoid
behavior.
Is Crack Cocaine Illegal?
Yes, crack cocaine is illegal. Crack cocaine is a Schedule II substance
under the Controlled Substances Act. Schedule II drugs, which include PCP and
methamphetamine, have a high potential for abuse. Abuse of these drugs may lead
to severe psychological or physical dependence. |
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